These installation steps use the Apache web server on Linux as an example. TWiki should run on other web servers and Unix systems as well. (TWiki on Windows is possible, but has not been documented well. More on that at
http://TWiki.org/Codev/TWikiOnWindows )
Note: These installation notes assume user
nobody
for all files manupulated by the cgi scripts (executed by the web server), and user
twiki
for all other files. You need to replace user
nobody
with an other user in case the web server executes the script with a different user ( default for Debian is
www-data
). Also, you can substitute user
twiki
with your own user name.
- Request the TWiki distribution (in Unix ZIP format) from http://TWiki.org/download.html .
- Create directory
/home/httpd/twiki
and unzip the TWiki distribution into this directory.
- The
twiki/bin
directory of TWiki must be set as a cgi-bin directory. Add /home/httpd/twiki/bin
to file /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
with only ExecCGI
option.
- The
twiki/pub
directory of TWiki must be set so that it is visible as a URL. Add /home/httpd/twiki
to file httpd.conf
with normal access options (copy from /home/httpd/html
).
- Now add
ScriptAlias
for /twiki/bin
and Alias
for /twiki
to file httpd.conf
.
Note: The ScriptAlias
must come before the Alias
in Apache, otherwise it will fail to correctly set up /twiki/bin/
, due to the fact that it sees that as being just another subdirectory of the /twiki/
alias.
- Here are example
httpd.conf
entries:
ScriptAlias /twiki/bin/ "/home/httpd/twiki/bin/"
Alias /twiki/ "/home/httpd/twiki/pub/"
<Directory "/home/httpd/twiki/bin">
Options +ExecCGI
SetHandler cgi-script
Allow from all
</Directory>
<Directory "/home/httpd/twiki/pub">
Options FollowSymLinks +Includes
AllowOverride None
Allow from all
</Directory>
- Restart Apache by
/etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S85httpd restart
.
- Test if the
twiki/bin
directory is cgi-enabled:
- Enter the URL of that directory into your browser (
http://your.domain.com/twiki/bin
). It is not set correctly as cgi-bin in case you get something like "Index of /twiki/bin"
. It is OK if you get a message like "Forbidden. You don't have permission to access /twiki/bin/ on this server."
- Execute the
testenv
script from your browser ( http://your.domain.com/twiki/bin/testenv
). It should show a table wit all CGI environment variables.
- Make sure PERL 5 and the PERL CGI library is installed on your system. Default location of PERL executable is
/usr/bin/perl
. In case PERL is installed in a different location, the first line of all perl scripts in the twiki/bin
directory need to be changed (alternatively you can create a symbolic link from /usr/bin/perl
).
- To be able to edit the perl scripts and .tmpl files it is necessary to
chown
and chgrp -R twiki
so all the files have the owner you want.
- The scripts execute as
nobody
. Set the file permission of all Perl scripts in the twiki/bin
directory as executable to -rwxr-xr-x
.
- Set the file permission of all files below
twiki/data
to 666 ( -rw-rw-rw-
).
- Set the file permission of the
twiki/data
directory and all its subdirectories to 777 ( drwxrwxrwx
).
- Set the file permission of the
twiki/pub
directory to 777 ( drwxrwxrwx
).
- Edit the file
twiki/bin/wikicfg.pm
and set the variables at the beginning of the file to your needs.
- Make sure RCS is installed. Set
$rcsDir
in twiki/bin/wikicfg.pm
to mach the location of your RCS binaries.
- Point your browser at http://your.domain.com/twiki/bin/view and start TWiki-ing away!
- Note in case the cgi scripts are not running as user
nobody
: The *,v
RCS repository files delivered with the installation package are locked by user nobody
. In case the user is different (e.g. www-data
), it is not possible to check in files, this has the effect that the topic version number does not increase when saving a topic. In this case you need to unlock all repository files and lock them as user www-data
(check the rcs man pages), or simply delete all the repository files. A simple way to switch the locker of the RCS files is to use sed:
for f in *,v; do sed 's/nobody/www-data/' $f > x; mv x $f; done
- Security issue: Directories
twiki/data
, twiki/templates
and all its subdirectories should be set so that they are not visible as a URL. (Alternatively, move the directries to a place where they are not visible, and change the variables in twiki/bin/wikicfg.pm
accordingly)
- Enable email notification of topic changes, Notification of Changes has more.
- Add the TWiki:Main.PoweredByTWikiLogo to your Main topic.
- Optional: You can add new rendering rules or new %VARIABLES%. To insure an easy upgrade of TWiki it is recommended to do this customization in
twiki/bin/wikicfg.pm
, not twiki/bin/wiki.pm
.
- Optional: If you are on a non authenticated server (i.e. not using SSL) and you would like to authenticate users:
- Rename file
.htaccess.txt
in the twiki/bin
directory to .htaccess
and change it to your needs. For details consult the HTTP server documentation (for Apache server: [1], [2]). Note: In case .htaccess
does not have any effect you need to enable it: Add "AllowOverride All" to the Directory section of access.conf
for your twiki/bin
directory.
- Copy the TWikiRegistrationPub topic to TWikiRegistration. You can customize the topic if needed. Note: You can delete or add new input tags to the registration form. The
name=""
parameter of the input tags must start with: "Twk0..."
(if this is an optional entry), or "Twk1..."
(if this is a required entry). This will ensure that the fields are processed correctly.
- Optional: You can automatically generate usage statistics for all webs. To enable this:
- Make sure variable
$doLogTopicView, $doLogTopicSave and $doLogTopicUpload
in wikicfg.pm
are set. This will generate log entries in file twiki/data/log<date>.txt
.
- Topic WebStatistics must be present in all webs where you want to have statistics. You can use the topic in the Main web as a template.
- Call the
twiki/bin/statistics
script from a cron job, once a day is recommended. This will update the WebStatistics topics in all webs.
- Attention: The script must run as the same user as the CGI scripts are running, which is user
nobody
on most systems. Example crontab entry:
0 0 * * * (cd /path/to/TWiki/bin; ./statistics >/dev/null 2>&1)
- There is a workaround in case you can't run the script as user
nobody
: Run the utility twiki/bin/geturl
in your cron job and specify the URL of the twiki/bin/statistics
script as a parameter. Example:
0 0 * * * (cd /path/to/TWiki/bin; ./geturl mydomain.com /urlpath/to/TWiki/bin/statistics >/dev/null 2>&1)
- The
twiki/bin/statistics
script can also be executed as a CGI script, just enter the URL in your browser. Examples:
- Update current month for all webs:
http://mydomain.com/twiki/bin/statistics
- Update current month for Main web only:
http://mydomain.com/twiki/bin/statistics/Main
- Update January 2000 for Main web:
http://mydomain.com/twiki/bin/statistics/Main?logdate=200001
- To create a new web:
- Use a name for the web consisting of characters
A..Z
, a..z
but not in WikiNotation.
- Create a new template directory under
twiki/templates
.
- Create a new data directory under
twiki/data
and check the file permission of the directory.
- Copy the
Web*.txt
files from the twiki/data/Main
directory to the new data directory, preserving the original files' owner, group and permissions ( on Unix use cp -p
). The data files must be writable by the owner the CGI scripts are running on ( usually nobody
). Hint: You can set permissions of .txt
and .txt,v
files to -rw-rw-rw-
and then edit the topic using your browser, RCS will restore the file permission correctly when saving the topic.
- Add the new web to the web list (visible in the upper right corner of each topic) by editing the site-level preferences TWikiPreferences:
- Add the new web to the WIKIWEBLIST variable.
- Add the new web to the web table (at the bottom of each WebHome topic) by editing the TWikiWebsTable topic.
- Change the web preferences by editing the WebPreferences topic of the new web:
- Set the WEBBGCOLOR variable to a color of your taste. The number represents the unique color for the web (consult an HTML book for colors.)
- Customize the WEBTOPICLIST variable to contain the web specific links you prefer.
- Optional: Set the WEBCOPYRIGHT variable to have a web-specific copyright text (at the bottom of each topic).
- If needed, create customized templates in the new templates directory. (Non existing templates are inherited from
twiki/templates
)
- If you want to use a category table, copy the three files
twikicatitems.tmpl
, twikicatedit.tmpl
and twikicatview.tmpl
from the twiki/templates/Know
directory to the new templates directory, and customize it. More on that in TWiki Category Table.
- In case you want usage statistics for this web: Copy file
WebStatistics.txt
from the twiki/data/Main
directory to the new data directory. Edit topic WebStatistics in the new web and delete old usage entries.
Here are contents of directories showing file permissions. Please note that this is for debugging reasons only and does not exactly reflect the distribution:
Directory
twiki/bin
:
drwxrwxr-x 2 twiki twiki 4096 Jun 17 16:34 .
drwxrwxr-x 3 twiki twiki 4096 Jun 17 16:34 ..
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 650 Feb 10 2000 .htaccess
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 4322 Mar 12 00:31 attach
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 1426 Jun 20 19:52 delete
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 9001 Jul 28 11:03 edit
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 1811 Mar 11 02:27 geturl
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 5006 Mar 11 02:41 mailnotify
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 1769 Mar 11 03:07 oops
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 6890 Jun 21 19:58 preview
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 7606 Mar 31 18:30 rdiff
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 8349 Jun 21 18:12 register
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 2693 Jul 5 14:32 save
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 3831 Jul 20 12:13 search
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 9835 Jun 20 19:03 statistics
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 509 Feb 7 2000 testenv
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 14543 Jul 20 18:46 upload
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 4755 May 22 18:11 view
-rwxrwxr-x 1 twiki twiki 1689 Jun 20 20:10 viewfile
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 34123 Nov 1 15:43 wiki.pm
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 7234 Oct 23 00:34 wikiaccess.pm
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 11719 Oct 28 21:58 wikicfg.pm
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 6441 Nov 1 23:13 wikiprefs.pm
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 13160 Oct 27 14:53 wikisearch.pm
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 10540 Oct 28 21:43 wikistore.pm
Directory
twiki/templates/
:
drwxrwxr-x 4 twiki twiki 4096 Aug 3 01:17 .
drwxrwxr-x 4 twiki twiki 4096 Aug 19 18:38 ..
drwxrwxr-x 2 twiki twiki 4096 Jun 17 16:35 Know
drwxrwxr-x 2 twiki twiki 4096 May 1 01:24 Main
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 2688 Aug 15 18:15 attach.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1283 Jul 20 15:56 attachtable.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1907 Jul 28 16:41 changes.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 2265 Aug 15 17:57 edit.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 965 Feb 8 2000 mailnotify.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 30 Jan 13 1999 notedited.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 940 Jul 20 15:59 notext.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 907 Jul 20 16:01 notwiki.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 341 Mar 8 11:39 noweb.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1000 Mar 8 11:40 oops.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1043 Oct 23 19:17 oopsaccesschange.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1036 Oct 23 19:17 oopsaccessview.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 914 Mar 8 11:40 oopsdel.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1423 May 29 01:23 oopslocked.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1067 Mar 8 11:41 oopsregexist.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 955 Mar 8 11:41 oopsregpasswd.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 966 Mar 8 11:41 oopsregrequ.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1244 Apr 28 17:11 oopsregthanks.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1003 Jul 22 12:48 oopsregwiki.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1607 Mar 8 11:42 oopsrev.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 949 Mar 8 11:43 oopsupload.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1735 Aug 15 18:14 preview.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1682 Aug 15 18:14 rdiff.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 530 Jul 22 12:10 register.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 690 Apr 28 16:53 registernotify.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1900 Aug 15 18:15 search.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1785 Aug 15 18:15 searchbookview.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1559 Aug 19 02:53 view.tmpl
Directory
twiki/templates/Know
(has a TWiki Category Table) :
drwxrwxr-x 2 twiki twiki 4096 Jun 17 16:35 .
drwxrwxr-x 4 twiki twiki 4096 Aug 3 01:17 ..
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 446 Jun 7 1999 notedited.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 206 Jun 7 1999 twikicatedit.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1068 Aug 18 18:26 twikicatitems.tmpl
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 231 Jun 7 1999 twikicatview.tmpl
Directory
twiki/data/
:
drwxrwxrwx 6 nobody nobody 4096 Aug 3 01:09 .
drwxrwxr-x 4 twiki twiki 4096 Aug 19 18:38 ..
-rw-rw-r-- 1 nobody nobody 51 Apr 21 16:48 .htpasswd
drwxrwxrwx 2 nobody nobody 4096 Aug 20 17:18 Know
drwxrwxrwx 2 nobody nobody 4096 Aug 19 04:15 Main
drwxrwxrwx 2 nobody nobody 4096 Aug 20 17:56 TWiki
-rw-rw-rw- 1 twiki twiki 1 Mar 11 04:19 debug.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 1516 Aug 20 17:56 log200008.txt
Part of directory
twiki/data/Main
:
drwxrwxrwx 2 nobody nobody 4096 Aug 19 04:15 .
drwxrwxrwx 6 nobody nobody 4096 Aug 3 01:09 ..
-rw-rw-rw- 1 twiki twiki 3716 Aug 19 02:19 .changes
-rw-rw-rw- 1 twiki twiki 9 Aug 19 02:45 .mailnotify
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 358 Aug 18 17:22 OfficeLocations.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 878 Aug 18 17:22 OfficeLocations.txt,v
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 680 Aug 18 17:36 TWikiGuest.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 1989 Aug 18 17:36 TWikiGuest.txt,v
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 459 Aug 18 17:19 TWikiUsers.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 3840 Aug 18 17:19 TWikiUsers.txt,v
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 95 Aug 19 03:06 WebChanges.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 284 Aug 19 03:06 WebChanges.txt,v
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 1853 Aug 18 18:08 WebHome.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 6523 Aug 18 18:08 WebHome.txt,v
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 56 Aug 18 17:21 WebIndex.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 245 Aug 18 17:21 WebIndex.txt,v
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 495 Aug 18 17:40 WebNotify.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 1896 Aug 18 17:40 WebNotify.txt,v
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 1904 Aug 19 01:01 WebPreferences.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 3108 Aug 19 01:01 WebPreferences.txt,v
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 5553 Aug 19 02:30 WebSearch.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 8406 Aug 19 02:30 WebSearch.txt,v
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 729 Aug 18 17:41 WebStatistics.txt
-r--r--r-- 1 nobody nobody 1129 Aug 18 17:41 WebStatistics.txt,v
Directory
twiki/pub/
:
drwxrwxrwx 6 nobody nobody 4096 Aug 3 01:21 .
drwxrwxr-x 3 twiki twiki 4096 Jun 17 16:35 ..
drwxrwxrwx 3 nobody nobody 4096 Jun 17 16:35 Know
drwxrwxrwx 2 nobody nobody 4096 Aug 3 01:21 Main
drwxrwxrwx 3 nobody nobody 4096 Aug 3 01:21 TWiki
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 1078 Jan 14 2000 favicon.ico
drwxrwxr-x 2 twiki twiki 4096 Jun 17 16:35 icn
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 3016 Oct 5 1999 twikilogo.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 5320 Oct 5 1999 twikilogo1.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 6125 Oct 5 1999 twikilogo2.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 7218 Oct 5 1999 twikilogo3.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 6710 Oct 5 1999 twikilogo4.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 2877 Jun 7 1999 wikiHome.gif
Directory
twiki/pub/icn/
:
drwxrwxr-x 2 twiki twiki 4096 Jun 17 16:35 .
drwxrwxrwx 6 nobody nobody 4096 Aug 3 01:21 ..
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 801 Mar 26 1999 _filetypes.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 143 Mar 9 1999 bat.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 926 Mar 9 1999 bmp.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 141 Mar 25 1999 c.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 144 Mar 9 1999 dll.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 152 Mar 9 1999 doc.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 130 Mar 9 1999 else.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 876 Mar 26 1999 exe.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 147 Mar 9 1999 fon.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 142 Mar 25 1999 h.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 156 Mar 9 1999 hlp.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 186 Mar 9 1999 html.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 144 Mar 25 1999 java.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 148 Mar 9 1999 mov.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 150 Mar 9 1999 pdf.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 146 Mar 25 1999 pl.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 150 Mar 9 1999 ppt.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 148 Mar 25 1999 ps.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 148 Mar 25 1999 py.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 130 Mar 9 1999 ram.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 154 Mar 9 1999 reg.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 147 Mar 25 1999 sh.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 155 Mar 9 1999 sniff.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 149 Mar 9 1999 ttf.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 134 Mar 9 1999 txt.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 154 Mar 9 1999 wav.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 152 Mar 9 1999 wri.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 152 Mar 9 1999 xls.gif
-rw-rw-r-- 1 twiki twiki 144 Mar 9 1999 zip.gif
--
PeterThoeny - 02 Nov 2000
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